Bibliography of Antebellum Railroads
NB: With the publication of my book The American Transportation Revolution in 2024, I am no longer updating this bibliography with new works. Thus, this bibliography will only include works published prior to 2024. I hope that this will still be of some value to other scholars. Thank you.
Adams, Sean Patrick. Old Dominion, Industrial Commonwealth: Coal, Politics, and Economy in Antebellum America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2004.
Aggarwala, Rohit T. “The Hudson River Railroad and the Development of Irvington, New York, 1849-1860.” Hudson Valley Regional Review 10, no. 2 (1993): 51-80.
Albjerg, Victor L. “Internal Improvements without a Policy.” Indiana Magazine of History 28 (September 1932): 168-79.
Aldrich, Mark. Death Rode the Rails: American Railroad Accidents and Safety, 1828-1965. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.
Aldrich, Mark. “Earnings of American Civil Engineers, 1820-1859.” Journal of Economic History 31 (June 1971): 407-19.
Aldrich, Mark. “Train Wrecks to Typhoid Fever: The Development of Railroad Medicine Organizations, 1850 to World War I.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 75 (summer 2001): 254-89.
Alvarez, Eugene. Travel on Southern Antebellum Railroads, 1828-1860. University: University of Alabama Press, 1974.
Angevine, Robert G. The Railroad and the State: War, Politics, and Technology in Nineteenth-Century America. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2004.
Armitage, L. A. “Louisa Railroad - 1836-1850; Virginia Central Railroad - 1850-1868.” Bulletin [of the Railway and Locomotive Historical Society] 65 (1944): 59-66.
Armstrong, Thomas Field. “Urban Vision in Virginia: A Comparative Study of Ante-Bellum Fredericksburg, Lynchburg, and Staunton.” Ph.D. diss., University of Virginia, 1974.
Arnesen, Eric. Brotherhoods of Color: Black Railroad Workers and the Struggle for Equality. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2001.
Babcock, Robert H. “The Economic Development in Portland (Me.) and Saint John (N.B.) during the Age of Iron and Steam, 1850-1914.” American Review of Canadian Studies 9, no. 1 (1979): 3-37.
Baer, Christopher T., Daniel B. Klein, and John Majewski. “From Trunk to Branch: Toll Roads in New York, 1800-1860.” Essays in Economic and Business History 11 (1993): 191-209.
Barnes, L. Diane. Artisan Workers in the Upper South: Petersburg, Virginia, 1820-1865. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2008.
Bartky, Ian R. Selling the True Time: Nineteenth-Century Timekeeping in America. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2000.
Bassett, T. D. Seymour. “500 Miles of Trouble and Excitement: Vermont Railroads, 1848-1861.” Vermont History 49 (summer 1981): 133-54.
Baughman, James. “A Southern Spa: Antebellum Lake Pontchartrain.” Louisiana History 3 (winter 1962): 5-32.
Benson, Lee. Merchants, Farmers and Railroads: Railroad Regulation and New York Politics, 1850-1887. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1955.
Binder, John J. “The Transportation Revolution and Antebellum Sectional Disagreement.” Social Science History 35 (spring 2011): 19-57.
Bisbee, James M. “The History of the South Side Rail Road, 1846-1870.” Master's thesis, University of Richmond, 1994.
Bolton, S. Charles. “Missing the Train.” Arkansas Historical Quarterly 80 (autumn 2021): 309-52.
Boyd, Carl B., Jr. “Local Aid to Railroads in Central Kentucky (Part I).” Register of the Kentucky Historical Society 62 (1964): 4-23.
Brooks, Addie Lou. “The Building of the Trunk Line Railroads in West Tennessee, 1852-1861.” Tennessee Historical Quarterly 1 (1942): 92-124.
Brown, Cecil Kenneth. A State Movement in Railroad Development: The Story of North Carolina's First Effort to Establish an East and West Trunk Line Railroad. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1928.
Brown, George Dewitt. “A History of the Blue Ridge Railroad, 1852-1874.” Master's thesis, University of South Carolina, 1967.
Brown, John. The Baldwin Locomotive Works: A Study in American Industrial Practice, 1831-1915. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
Brown, Richard D. Modernization: The Transformation of American Life, 1600-1865. New York: Hill and Wang, 1976.
Buck, Robert Enoch. “Railroads and Capital: Money, Credit, and the Industrialization of Shoemaking.” American Journal of Economics and Sociology 57 (October 1998): 513-30.
Buck, Stephen J. “A Vanishing Frontier: The Development of a Market Economy in DuPage County.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 93, no. 4 (2000-2001): 366-87.
Buckwalter, Donald W. “Effects of Early Nineteenth Century Transportation Disadvantage on the Agriculture of Eastern Tennessee.” Southeastern Geographer 27 (May 1978): 18-37.
Burgess, George H., and Miles C. Kennedy. Centennial History of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania Railroad Company, 1949.
Burke, James C. The Wilmington & Raleigh Rail Road Company, 1833-1854. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2011.
Burt, Jesse C. “The Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad, 1854-1872: The Era of Transition.” East Tennessee Historical Society's Publications 23 (1951): 58-76.
Calhoun, Daniel Hovey. The American Civil Engineer: Origins and Conflict. Cambridge, Mass.: Technology Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1960.
Campbell, E. G. “Railroads in National Defense, 1829-1848.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 27 (December 1940): 361-78.
Carlson, Robert E. “British Railroads and Engineers and the Beginnings of American Railroad Development.” Business History Review 34 (summer 1960): 137-49.
Carlson, Robert E. “The Pennsylvania Improvement Society and its Promotion of Canals and Railroads, 1824-1826.” Pennsylvania History 31 (July 1964): 295-310.
Carlton, David L., and Peter A. Coclanis. The South, the Nation, and the World: Perspectives on Southern Economic Development. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2003.
Carneal, Raymond B., and James G. Bogle. “Locomotives of the Western & Atlantic Railroad.” Atlanta Historical Bulletin 15, no. 1 (1970): 7-42.
Chalfant, Randolph W. “Calvert Station: Its Structure and Significance.” Maryland Historical Magazine 74 (March 1978): 11-22.
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. “Patterns of American Railroad Finance, 1830-50.” Business Historical Review 28 (September 1954): 248-63.
Chandler, Alfred D., Jr. The Visible Hand: The Managerial Revolution in American Business. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1977.
Chase, Edward E. Maine Railroads: A History of the Development of the Maine Railroad System. Portland, Me.: A. J. Huston, 1926.
Clark, James Harold. “History of the North East and South West Alabama Railroad to 1872.” Master's thesis, University of Alabama, 1949.
Clark, Malcolm C. “The Birth of an Enterprise: Baldwin Locomotive, 1831-1842.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 90 (October 1966): 423- 44.
Clark, Thomas D. The Beginning of the L. & N.: The Development of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad and Its Memphis Branches from 1836 to 1860. Louisville: Standard Printing, 1933.
Clark, Thomas D. A Pioneer Southern Railroad from New Orleans to Cairo. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1936.
Cleveland, Frederick A., and Fred Wilbur Powell. Railroad Promotion and Capitalization in the United States. New York: Longmans, Green, 1909.
Cline, Wayne. Alabama Railroads. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1997.
Cochran, Thomas C. “Land Grants and Railroad Entrepreneurship.” Journal of Economic History 10 (1950): 53-67.
Cochran, Thomas C. Railroad Leaders, 1845-1890: The Business Mind in Action. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1953.
Coclanis, Peter A. “Off Track: The Railroading of Antebellum Southern Economic History.” Social Science Quarterly 84 (September 2003): 738-43.
Coclanis, Peter A. The Shadow of a Dream: Economic Life and Death in the South Carolina Low Country, 1670-1920. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
Coffman, Chad, and Mary Eschelbach Gregson. “Railroad Development and Land Value.” Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics 16 (March 1998): 191-204.
Cohen, Patricia Cline. “Safety and Danger: Women on American Public Transport, 1750-1850.” In Gendered Domains: Rethinking Public and Private in Women's History. Edited by Dorothy O. Helly and Susan M. Reverby, 109-122. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1992.
Collins, Frederick Burtrumn, Jr. “Charleston and the Railroads: A Geographic Study of a South Atlantic Port and Its Strategies for Developing a Railroad System, 1820-1860.” Master's thesis, University of South Carolina, 1977.
Collins, Steven G. “Progress and Slavery on the South's Railroads.” Railroad History 181 (autumn 1999): 6-25.
Collins, Steven G. “System, Organization, and Agricultural Reform in the Antebellum South, 1840-1860.” Agricultural History 75 (winter 2001): 1-27.
Connolly, Michael J. Capitalism, Politics and Railroads in Jacksonian New England. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003.
Connolly, Michael J. “The Correction of Our Political Philosophy: New England Whigs and the 1851 Boston Railroad Jubilee.” New England Quarterly 79 (June 2006): 202-26.
Cooper, Mandy L. “Too Big to Fail? Families, Internal Improvement, and State Government in Antebellum North Carolina.” Journal of the Early Republic 41 (fall 2021): 349-72.
Cordery, Simon. The Iron Road in the Prairie State: The Story of Illinois Railroading. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2016.
Cotterill, R. S. “The National Railroad Convention in St. Louis, 1849.” Missouri Historical Review 12 (July 1918): 203-15.
Cotterill, R. S. “Southern Railroads and Western Trade, 1840-1850.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 3 (March 1917): 427-41.
Cotterill, R. S. “Southern Railroads, 1850-1860.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 10 (March 1924): 396-405.
Coyne, Terrence E. “The Hoosac Tunnel: Massachusetts' Western Gateway." Historical Journal of Massachusetts 23 (winter 1995): 1-20.
Craig, Lee A., Raymond B. Palmquist, and Thomas Weiss. “Transportation Improvements and Land Values in the Antebellum United States: A Hedonic Approach.” Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics 16 (March 1998): 173-89.
Cullen, Zachary. “Local Rail Innovations: Antebellum States and Policy Diffusion.” Studies in American Political Development 25 (October 2011): 117-142.
Cumming, Joseph B. A History of Georgia Railroad and Banking Company and Its Corporate Affiliates, 1833-1958. N.p., [1959?].
Cumming, Mary G. Georgia Railroad & Banking Company, 1833-1945: An Historic Narrative. Augusta, Ga.: Walton Printing Company, 1945.
Darnell, Victor C. “The Haupt Iron Bridge on the Pennsylvania Railroad.” IA: Industrial Archeology 14, no. 2 (1988): 35-50.
Dart, Elisabeth Kilbourne. “Working on the Railroad: The West Feliciana, 1828-1842.” Louisiana History 25 (winter 1984): 29-56.
Denmark, Lisa L. “ ‘But What a Pretty Thing a Rail Road Is!—We Must Have One of Our Own—Positively!’: Savannah’s Unique Rhetoric of Internal Improvements.” Journal of the Georgia Association of Historians 28 (2009): 1-32.
Denney, John D., Jr. “The Reading and Columbia Railroad.” Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 100, no. 3 (1998): 286-318.
Derrick, Samuel Melanchthon. Centennial History of South Carolina Railroad. Columbia, S.C.: State Company, 1930.
deTreville, John R. “The Little New South: Origins of Industry in Georgia's Fall-Line Cities, 1840-1865.” Ph.D. diss., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1985.
Dickinson, William Penn, Jr. “The Social Saving Generated by the Richmond & Danville Railroad: 1859.” Master's thesis, University of Virginia, 1975.
Dilts, James. The Great Road: The Building of the Baltimore and Ohio, the Nation's First Railroad, 1828-1853. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1993.
Dison, Benjamin Brad. “The Steamboat's Contribution to the Development of Shreveport's Railroads, 1840-1890.” North Louisiana History 42 (summer/fall 2011): 113-128.
Dobbin, Frank. “How Policy Shapes Competition: Early Railroad Foundings in Massachusetts.” Administrative Science Quarterly 42 (September 1997): 501-29.
Dobbin, Frank, and Timothy J. Dowd. “The Market that Antitrust Built: Public Policy, Private Coercion, and Railroad Acquisitions, 1825 to 1922.” American Sociological Review 65 (October 2000): 631-57.
Dole, Richard F. “Downeast Pioneer: The Bangor and Piscataquis Canal and Rail Road Company.” Railroad History 152 (1985): 43-47.
Dole, Richard F. "The Portland Company." Railroad History 139 (1978): 5-38.
Downey, Tom. Planting a Capitalist South: Masters, Merchants, and Manufacturers in the Southern Interior, 1790-1860. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2006.
Dozier, Howard Douglas. “Trade and Transportation along the South Atlantic Seaboard before the Civil War.” South Atlantic Quarterly 18 (July 1919): 231-45.
Dunlavy, Colleen. “Bursting through State Limits: Lessons from American Railroad History.” In The State, Regulation, and the Economy: An Historical Perspective. Edited by Lars Magnusson and Jan Ottosson, 44-60. Northampton, Mass.: Edward Elgar, 2001.
Dunlavy, Colleen. Politics and Industrialization: Early Railroads in the United States and Prussia. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994.
Dupont, Albert Leonce. “The Career of Paul Octave Herbert, Governor of Louisiana, 1853-1856.” Louisiana Historical Quarterly 31 (April 1948): 491-552.
Eelman, Bruce W. “Entrepreneurs in the Southern Upcountry: The Case of Spartanburg, South Carolina, 1815-1880.” Enterprise and Society 5 (March 2004): 77-105.
Ely, James W., Jr. Railroads and American Law. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2001.
Estaville, Lawrence E., Jr. “A Small Contribution: Louisiana's Short Rural Railroads in the Civil War.” Louisiana History 18 (winter 1977): 87-103.
Evans, Harry Howard. “James Robb: Banker and Pioneer Railroad Builder of Ante-Bellum Louisiana.” Louisiana Historical Quarterly 23 (January 1940): 170-258.
Feldberg, Michael. “Urbanization as a Cause of Violence: Philadelphia as a Test Case.” In The Peoples of Philadelphia: A History of Ethnic Groups and Lower-Class Life, 1790-1940. Edited by Allen F. Davis and Mark H. Haller, 53-69. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1973.
Fisher, C. E. “The Early Railroads of Kentucky.” Bulletin [of the Railway and Locomotive Historical Society] 5 (1923): 7-15.
Fisher, Charles E. “The West Point Foundry.” Bulletin [of the Railway and Locomotive Historical Society] 52 (May 1940): 36-40.
Fishlow, Albert. American Railroads and the Transformation of the Ante-Bellum Economy. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1965.
Fishlow, Albert. “Internal Transportation in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries.” In The Cambridge Economic History of the United States. Vol. 2, The Long Nineteenth Century, 543-642. Edited by Stanley L. Engerman and Robert E. Gallman. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Flesher, Dale L., Gary J. Previts, and William D. Samson. “Early American Corporate Reporting and European Capital Markets: The Case of the Illinois Central Railroad, 1851-1861.” Accounting Historians Journal 33 (June 2006): 3-24.
Fogel, Robert. Railroads and American Economic Growth. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1964.
Folmar, John Kent, and Ivan W. Saunders. “Some Reflections on Railroad Development in Western Pennsylvania.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 65 (October 1982): 363-71.
Folmsbee, Stanley John. Sectionalism and Internal Improvements in Tennessee, 1796-1845. Philadelphia, 1939.
Ford, Lacy K., Jr. “Origins of the Edgefield Tradition: The Late Antebellum Experience and the Roots of Political Insurgency.” South Carolina Historical Magazine 98 (October 1997): 328-48.
Ford, Lacy K., Jr. Origins of Southern Radicalism: The South Carolina Upcountry, 1800-1860. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Ford, Lacy K., Jr. “The Tale of Two Entrepreneurs in the Old South: John Springs III and Hiram Hutchison of the South Carolina Upcountry.” South Carolina Historical Magazine 95 (July 1994): 198-224.
Ford, Ralph Watson. “The Changing Geographic Pattern of South Carolina's Railroad System, 1860-1902.” M.A. thesis, University of South Carolina, 1986.
Francaviglia, Richard V., and Jimmy L. Bryan, Jr. “ ‘Are We Chimerical in this Opinion?’ Visions of a Pacific Railroad and Westward Expansion before 1845.” Pacific Historical Review 71 (May 2002): 179-202.
Gamst, Frederick C. “The Context and Significance of America's First Railroad, on Boston's Beacon Hill.” Technology and Culture 33 (January 1992): 66-100.
Gamst, Frederick C. “The Transfer of Pioneering British Railroad Technology to North America.” In Early Railways: A Selection of Papers from the First International Early Railways Conference. Edited by Andy Guy and Jim Rees, 251-65. London: Newcomen Society, 2001.
Gates, Frederick Beck. “Building the ‘Empire State of the South’: Political Economy in Georgia, 1800-1860.” Ph.D. diss., University of Georgia, 2001.
Gates, Frederick B. “The Impact of the Western & Atlantic Railroad on the Development of the Georgia Upcountry, 1840-1860.” Georgia Historical Quarterly 91 (summer 2007): 169-84.
Gates, Paul Wallace. The Illinois Central Railroad and Its Colonization Work. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1934.
Genovese, Eugene. The Political Economy of Slavery. 2d ed. Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press, 1989.
Goodrich, Carter. Government Promotion of American Canals and Railroads, 1800-1890. New York: Columbia University Press, 1960.
Goodrich, Carter. “National Planning of Internal Improvements.” Political Science Quarterly 63 (March 1948): 16-44.
Gordon, Sarah H. Passage to Union: How the Railroads Transformed American Life, 1829-1929. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1996.
Gosselin, Guy. “Going North: Transportation and Tourism in the White Mountains.” Historical New Hampshire 50 (spring-summer 1995): 39-49.
Grier, Katherine C. Culture and Comfort: Parlor Making and Middle-class Identity, 1850-1930. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997.
Grinde, Donald A., Jr. “Building the South Carolina Railroad.” South Carolina Historical Magazine 77 (April 1976): 84-96.
Grinde, Donald A., Jr. “Erie's Railroad War: A Case Study of Purposive Violence for a Community's Economic Advancement.” Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine 57 (January 1974): 15-23.
Hall, Aaron. “Slaves of the State: Infrastructure and Governance through Slavery in the Antebellum South.” Journal of American History 106 (June 2019): 19-46.
Hallock, Donald E. L. “A Brief History of the Strasburg Railroad.” Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 68, no. 4 (1964): 129-46.
Hatch, Francis W. “Packet and ‘Steam Cars’ to Boston: A Sentimental Journey in the 1840’s.” American Neptune 26 (October 1966): 262-71.
Haughey, Jim. “Tunnel Hill: An Irish Mining Community in the Western Carolinas.” Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association (2004): 50-62.
Hayes, Kevin J. “Railway Reading.” Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society 106 (1997): 301-26.
Healey, Richard G., William G. Thomas, and Katie Lahman. “Railroads and Regional Labor Markets in the Mid-Nineteenth-Century United States: A Case Study of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.” Journal of Historical Geography 41 (2013): 13-32.
Heath, Milton S. Constructive Liberalism: The Role of the State in Economic Development in Georgia to 1860. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1954.
Heath, Milton S. “Public Railroad Construction and the Development of Private Enterprise in the South before 1861.” Journal of Economic History 10 (1950): 40-53.
Heckman, Charles A. “Establishing the Basis for Local Financing of American Railroad Construction in the Nineteenth Century: From City of Bridgeport v. The Housatonic Railroad Company to Gelpcke v. City of Dubuque.” American Journal of Legal History 32 (July 1988): 236-64.
Hensel, W. Uhler. “How the Pennsylvania Railroad Came through Lancaster.” Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 100, no. 3 (1998): 272-85.
Henson, Stephen Ray. “Industrial Workers in the Mid Nineteenth-Century South: Atlanta Railwaymen, 1840-1870.” Ph.D. diss., Emory University, 1982.
Hershock, Martin J. The Paradox of Progress: Economic Change, Individual Enterprise, and Political Culture in Michigan, 1837-1878. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2003.
Heydinger, Earl. “Suppression of ‘Bad News’ about the Early Railroad.” Bulletin [of the Railway and Locomotive Historical Society] 119 (October 1968): 63-66.
Hildreth, Charles H. “Railroads out of Pensacola, 1833-1883.” Florida Historical Quarterly 37 (January/April 1959): 397-417.
Hill, Forest G. Roads, Rails and Waterways: The Army Engineers and Early Transportation. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1957.
Holland, James W. “The Building of the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad.” The East Tennessee Historical Society's Publications (January 1932): 83-101.
Hunter, Robert F., and Edwin L. Dooley, Jr. Claudius Crozet: French Engineer in America, 1790-1864. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1989.
Jenks, Leland H. “Capital Movement and Transportation: Britain and American Railway Development.” Journal of Economic History 11 (autumn 1951): 375-88.
John, Richard R. Spreading the News: The American Postal System from Franklin to Morse. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995.
John, Richard R. “Taking Sabbatarianism Seriously: The Postal System, the Sabbath, and the Transformation of American Political Culture.” Journal of the Early Republic 10 (winter 1990): 517-67.
Johnson, Charles Ripley. “Railroad Legislation and Building in Mississippi, 1830-1840.” Journal of Mississippi History 4 (October 1942): 195-206.
Jones, Fred Mitchell. Middlemen in the Domestic Trade of the United States, 1800-1860. Urbana: University of Illinois, 1937.
Kahan, Michael Bruce. “Pedestrian Matters: The Contested Meanings and Uses of Philadelphia's Streets, 1850s-1920s.” Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, 2002.
Karr, Ronald Dale. Lost Railroads of New England. 2d ed. Pepperell, MA: Branch Line Press, 1996.
Karr, Ronald Dale. The Rail Lines of Southern New England: A Handbook of Railroad History. 2d ed. Pepperell, MA: Branch Line Press, 2014.
Kemp, Emory L. “Charles Ellet Jr. (1810-1862): Portrait of an Engineer.” Canal History and Technology Proceedings 30 (2011): 11-26.
Kennedy, Charles J. “Commuter Services in the Boston Area, 1835-1860.” Business History Review 36 (1962): 153-70.
Keuchel, Edward F. “Coal-burning Locomotives: A Technological Development of the 1850s.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 94 (October 1970): 484-95.
Kirkland, Edward Chase. Men, Cities, and Transportation: A Study in New England History, 1820-1900. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1948.
Kiscaden, Lester James. “A History of the Strasburg Rail Road, 1832-1862.” Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 77 (Hilarymas, 1973): 1-25.
Klein, Maury. Unfinished Business: The Railroad in American Life. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1994.
Kline, Benjamin F. G., Jr. “The Odyssey of Five Locomotives: 1835-1865.” Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 69, no. 1 (1965): 11-24.
Knies, Michael. “ ‘Sticks and Stones’: The Beaver Meadow Railroad and the Political Problems for the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company.” Canal History and Technology Proceedings 28 (2009): 21-46.
Kohn, David, ed. Internal Improvements in South Carolina, 1818-1838. Washington, 1938.
Kornweibel, Theodore, Jr. “Railroads and Slavery.” Railroad History 189 (2003): 34-59.
Krenkel, John Henry. Illinois Internal Improvements, 1818-1848. Cedar Rapids, Ia.: Torch, 1958.
Larson, John Lauritz. “ ‘Bind the Republic Together’: The National Union and the Struggle for a System of Internal Improvements.” Journal of American History 74 (September 1987): 363-87.
Larson, John Lauritz. Internal Improvement: National Public Works and the Promise of Popular Government in the Early United States. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
Laws, Forrest. “The Railroad Comes to Tennessee: The Building of the LaGrange and Memphis.” West Tennessee Historical Society Papers 30 (1976): 24-42.
Legan, Marshall Scott. “Railroad Sentiment in North Louisiana in the 1850s.” Louisiana History 17 (spring 1976): 125-42.
Licht, Walter. Working for the Railroad: The Organization of Work in the Nineteenth Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1983.
Lightner, David. Labor on the Illinois Central Railroad, 1852-1900. New York: Arno, 1977.
Lindsell, Robert M. The Rail Lines of Northern New England: A Handbook of Railroad History. Pepperell, MA: Branch Line Press, 2000.
Levitt, Alan M. “Picturing the Railway, Part I: How Woodcuts, Engravings, Lithographs, and Printers' Trains Spread the Image of Early Railroads to the Masses.” Railroad History 192 (spring-summer 2005): 66-75.
Lombardo, Daniel J. “Edward Dickinson and the Amherst and Belchertown Railroad: A Lost Letter.” Historical Journal of Massachusetts 12, no. 1 (1984): 36-43.
Lowenthal, Larry. “Railroad Rivalry in the Connecticut River Valley.” Historical Journal of Massachusetts 20 (summer 1992): 109-32.
Lubar, Steven. “Promoting the Hudson River Railroad.” Railroad History 157 (1987): 55-63.
Mackintosh, Will. “Mechanical Aesthetics: Picturesque Tourism and the Transportation Revolution in Pennsylvania.” Pennsylvania History 81 (winter 2014): 88-105.
Mackintosh, Will. “ ‘Ticketed Through’: The Commodification of Travel in the Nineteenth Century.” Journal of the Early Republic 32 (spring 2012): 61-89.
Mackler, Mark. “The Railroad Comes to Springfield.” Historical Journal of Western Massachusetts 3, no. 2 (1974): 15-24.
Majewski, John. A House Dividing: Economic Development in Pennsylvania and Virginia before the Civil War. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Majewski, John. “Who Financed the Transportation Revolution? Regional Divergence and Internal Improvements in Antebellum Pennsylvania and Virginia.” Journal of Economic History 56 (December 1996): 763-88.
Majewski, John, and Viken Tchakerian. “Markets and Manufacturing: Industry and Agriculture in the Antebellum South and Midwest.” In Global Perspectives on Industrial Transformation in the American South. Edited by Susanna Delfino and Michele Gillespie, 131-50. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2005.
Malone, Laurence J. Opening the West: Federal Internal Improvements before 1860. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1998.
Marion, Forest L. “The Gentlemen Sabbatarians: The Sabbath Movement in the Upper South, 1826-1836.” Ph.D. diss., University of Tennessee, 1998.
Marrs, Aaron W. The American Transportation Revolution: A Social and Cultural History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2024.
Marrs, Aaron W. “Railroads and Time Consciousness in the Antebellum South.” Enterprise and Society 9 (September 2008): 433-56.
Marrs, Aaron W. Railroads in the Old South: Pursuing Progress in a Slave Society. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009.
Martin, William Elejius. “Internal Improvements in Alabama.” Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science XX (1902): 127-208.
Marx, Leo. The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral Ideal in America. Rev. ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Martin, Jonathan D. Divided Mastery: Slave Hiring in the American South. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004.
Mason, Matthew E. “ ‘The Hands Here are Disposed to be Turbulent’: Unrest Among the Irish Trackmen of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 1829-1851.” Labor History 39 (August 1998): 253-72.
Mazlish, Bruce, ed. The Railroad and the Space Program: An Exploration in Historical Analogy. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1965.
McCarthy, J. Patrick, Jr. “Commercial Development and University Reform in Antebellum Athens: William Mitchell as Entrepreneur, Engineer, and Educator.” Georgia Historical Quarterly 83 (spring 1999): 3-28.
McCrossen, Alexis. Holy Day, Holiday: The American Sunday. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2000.
McGrath, John. “The Baton Rouge, Grosse Tete and Opelousas R.R.” Proceedings of the Historical Society of East and West Baton Rouge 2 (1917-1918): 45-6.
McKelvey, Blake. “Railroads in Rochester's History.” Rochester History 30 (October 1968): 1-26.
McShane, Clay, and Joel A. Tarr. “The Centrality of the Horse in the Nineteenth-Century American City.” In The Making of Urban America. 2d ed. Edited by Raymond A. Mohl, 105-30. Wilmington, Del.: Scholarly Resources, 1997.
Merriam, George H. “ ‘A Man of Large Experience’: Edwin Noyes and Railroad Development in Maine.” Railroad History 156 (1987): 11-29.
Merritt, Raymond H. Engineering in American Society, 1850-1875. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1969.
Meyer, Balthasar Henry, ed. History of Transportation in the United States before 1860. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1917.
Minicucci, Stephen. “Internal Improvements and the Union, 1790-1860.” Studies in American Political Development 18 (fall 2004): 160-85.
Moore, John Hebron. “Railroads of Antebellum Mississippi.” Journal of Mississippi History 41 (February 1979): 53-81.
Moore, Paul. “The Early Days of the P, G & N Railroad.” Germantown Crier 46 (2005): 4-21.
Morgan, Lynda J. Emancipation in Virginia's Tobacco Belt, 1850-1870. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1992.
Morrison, Bruce. “The Influence of the Railroad on the Rural Settlement Landscape of Sumter County, South Carolina, 1848-1978.” M.A. thesis, University of South Carolina, 1978.
Morser, Eric John. “Hinterland Dreams and Midwestern Rails: Public Power and Railroading in Nineteenth-Century La Crosse, Wisconsin.” Enterprise and Society 10 (June 2009): 376-410.
Mulcare, Daniel M. “Restricted Authority: Slavery Politics, Internal Improvements, and the Limitation of National Administrative Capacity.” Political Research Quarterly 61 (December 2008): 671-85.
Nelson, Scott R. Iron Confederacies: Southern Railways, Klan Violence, and Reconstruction. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
Newsome, A. R. “Simeon Colton's Railroad Report, 1840.” North Carolina Historical Review 11 (July 1934): 205-38.
Noe, Kenneth W. Southwest Virginia's Railroad: Modernization and the Sectional Crisis. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.
O'Day, Edward J. “Constructing the Western Railroad: The Irish Dimension.” Historical Journal of Massachusetts 11, no. 1 (1983): 7-21.
Patterson, Ernest F. “Alabama's First Railroad.” Alabama Review 9 (January 1956): 33-45.
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Perrin, James. “Railroad Development in the Ponchatoula, Louisiana Area: 1852-1922.” Southeast Louisiana Review 2 (winter 2009-2010): 48-68.
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